The year 2019 started with President Nicolás Maduro and opposition leader Juan Guaidó both claiming to be the official leaders of Venezuela. Over in Haiti, thousands of people were demanding the resignation of their president, Jovenel Moïse. As summer hit, a few hundred miles away in the Caribbean, former Puerto Rican Gov. Ricardo Rosselló was caught disparaging his citizenry in 889 pages of secret chats. Back in South America, Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra had dissolved Congress. By fall, Bolivian President Evo Morales was accused of voter fraud, Ecuadorian and Chilean leadership hiked prices on certain goods and services and Panama approved controversial constitutional reforms.