This Special Issue takes a fresh look at the evidence from low and middle income countries on progress made towards the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) agenda, and how this agenda should guide and be integrated into the framing of sustainable development goals (SDGs). The thematic papers and commentaries (from Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Middle East & North Africa, Mexico, Nigeria, Philippines and Thailand) marshal relevant data, policy and program experience, and weigh possible approaches to filling gaps and addressing emerging health and human rights issues in relation to SRHR. In doing so, this volume provides a basis for evidence- based dialogue and debate as countries, donors, civil society and the UN system work towards a consensus on the post 2015 SDGs.